Ch. 7
Six Families at Chediskai
• Eva and her family stayed in Chediskai, while many families came and went around them.
* meeting different people all the time would teach a person lots of patients, but sometimes frustration will leak through. P. 166
Each Corn was Like a person
• Farming was the family’s means of income and sustinence. They got up early every day to do their duties.
* Eva notices her mother treats the corn not just as sustenance but almost as a part of the family by the way she shows such care for it. P.167
Lots of Turkeys
• Fun memory of barbecuing corn. The turkey come and sneak some.
* Even when you are doing serious things like cooking something can always go wrong, but it is best to make humor out of it.
Old-timer Beans
• Eva’s brother finds a cave that someone has lived in and finds beans there. He takes them to his mother, and she plants them. Eva compares the beans to an old timer beans because of the way they grow.
* certain types of foods are passed on through trial and error, and observation. They were curious about the beans, so they tried growing them.
I Shot the Deer
• Eva goes on a hunting trip and shoots a deer
* At that time on the reservation Native Americans were allowed to hunt what ever they wished when ever. Also, it was not looked down on in their culture to have a woman hunt.
Salt Banks
• Eva and her family got their salt from a salt cave. Two white men came and destroyed the cave
* the cave is sacred to the family. The white men died in the cave and tainted it.
An Ice Box at Chediskai
• The family builds an ice box to keep their food fresh
* cultures innovate and become successful.
A Food Cache at Spring Creek
• the family digs a hole and crafts a water tight basket that is large. They create a storage of food in it.
* cultures innovate and become successful
Not Many People had money
• They only got money for selling livestock
* money was not an object for native people. They helped each other survive by living off the land.
Ch. 8
Come on Down
• Eva’s step father takes care of the horses despite his lack of sight.
* animals know a person by their voice
Taming horses
• Charley Marley tamed the horses and had several methods in doing so
* taming horses along with other farm tasks seems like a difficult task to most but Eva makes it seem easy.
A Blue Donkey
• The donkey named Blue only lets one person ride it. A lady put her granddaughter on Blue while Eva’s mother was on the donkey and it bucked the girl off.
* some people do not head a warning.
What particular stories can you connect to?
How do these stories influence the family’s lives?
Tuesday, October 28, 2008
Thursday, October 16, 2008
discussion on "Women and Change at the U.S.-Mexico Border" ch. 1 & 2
Women and Change At The U.S. Mexico Border
1. Women at the Border Foundations and Frameworks by Ellen R. Hansen and Doreen J. Mattingly
• Feminist scholarship: Women are portrayed as “active agents” not “passive victims (3).
• U.S. Mexico border- How is it perceived by native people in Mexico? How is it perceived by Americans (4)?
• The border is considered by native people as a division of space, and they often ignore its presence in their daily lives (4).
• Drawing of parallels between the division of space and categorizing people as “Mexican” and “American.” Both of these ideas “obscure” rather than “reveal” information (4).
• By definition, a border is, “a political boundary between two countries. (5)”
• Within the border a lot happens…1. people identify themselves 2. agencies are created 3. settlement is established 4. economy and politics arise and begin functioning (5). Are there any other results of the border?
• The main result following the establishment of the border was the initiation of the Border Industrialization Program in 1965 (5) What did this program specifically do?
• In 1994 the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) changed the economy of Mexico, and the number of women employees has dropped significantly (6).
• NAFTA divided the economy while the earlier establishment of the U.S. Mexico border divided the land physically (6).
• Economic contrast: low-wage jobs and reduced government spending on the Mexico side of the border. Also, lower waged jobs were offered on the U.S. side as well as lowered government spending. Non-citizens from Mexico were specifically targeted on the U.S. side (7).
• Women were primarily left out of the decisions made concerning politics and economy. As a result of the oppression they suffered they empowered their “feminist scholarship” and began actively engaging in their own social justice (9). How did the women begin activism?
2. The Unsettling, Gendered Consequences of Migration for Mexican Indigenous Women
• Thesis of chapter: “changing lives of indigenous immigrant women.” (19)
• Why did families in Mexico migrate? “…residential relocation, more diverse economic opportunities for women, educational benefits for young girls, generational shifts in values and practices, and the criminalizing of some culturally accepted partriarchal practices.” (19)
• Migrating to another land or country had a huge impact on a woman’s sense of identity and their way of life (19).
• Quote on page 21 gives a sense of agony in being torn from one’s roots.
• Parallel between place and a person’s identity both are a form of (21) geography. Place is a physical geography and a person often links their identity to the geography of the place they were born in.
• The migration of indigenous people from Mexico due to the economy changed gender roles by establishing a “rural-rural migratory pattern” for boys and a “rural-urban” pattern for girls (22). Linked to idea that men should accomplish the hard labor while women do the domestic tasks involved with the household.
• As a result of the gender division women were left to do double the work. Including house hold labors and working in the fields to bring in extra money. page 24 quote
1. Women at the Border Foundations and Frameworks by Ellen R. Hansen and Doreen J. Mattingly
• Feminist scholarship: Women are portrayed as “active agents” not “passive victims (3).
• U.S. Mexico border- How is it perceived by native people in Mexico? How is it perceived by Americans (4)?
• The border is considered by native people as a division of space, and they often ignore its presence in their daily lives (4).
• Drawing of parallels between the division of space and categorizing people as “Mexican” and “American.” Both of these ideas “obscure” rather than “reveal” information (4).
• By definition, a border is, “a political boundary between two countries. (5)”
• Within the border a lot happens…1. people identify themselves 2. agencies are created 3. settlement is established 4. economy and politics arise and begin functioning (5). Are there any other results of the border?
• The main result following the establishment of the border was the initiation of the Border Industrialization Program in 1965 (5) What did this program specifically do?
• In 1994 the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) changed the economy of Mexico, and the number of women employees has dropped significantly (6).
• NAFTA divided the economy while the earlier establishment of the U.S. Mexico border divided the land physically (6).
• Economic contrast: low-wage jobs and reduced government spending on the Mexico side of the border. Also, lower waged jobs were offered on the U.S. side as well as lowered government spending. Non-citizens from Mexico were specifically targeted on the U.S. side (7).
• Women were primarily left out of the decisions made concerning politics and economy. As a result of the oppression they suffered they empowered their “feminist scholarship” and began actively engaging in their own social justice (9). How did the women begin activism?
2. The Unsettling, Gendered Consequences of Migration for Mexican Indigenous Women
• Thesis of chapter: “changing lives of indigenous immigrant women.” (19)
• Why did families in Mexico migrate? “…residential relocation, more diverse economic opportunities for women, educational benefits for young girls, generational shifts in values and practices, and the criminalizing of some culturally accepted partriarchal practices.” (19)
• Migrating to another land or country had a huge impact on a woman’s sense of identity and their way of life (19).
• Quote on page 21 gives a sense of agony in being torn from one’s roots.
• Parallel between place and a person’s identity both are a form of (21) geography. Place is a physical geography and a person often links their identity to the geography of the place they were born in.
• The migration of indigenous people from Mexico due to the economy changed gender roles by establishing a “rural-rural migratory pattern” for boys and a “rural-urban” pattern for girls (22). Linked to idea that men should accomplish the hard labor while women do the domestic tasks involved with the household.
• As a result of the gender division women were left to do double the work. Including house hold labors and working in the fields to bring in extra money. page 24 quote
Monday, October 6, 2008
"The Five Sexes: Why Male and Female Are Not Enough" By Anne Fausto-Sterling
Several issues arose as I was reading "The Five Sexes: Why Male..."
First, Some people view a person's sexuality as a choice, and some see it as a person is born that way. This idea can be applied to the Berdaches described in "Changing Ones." The women and men describe their lives as not being out of place or defying the norm. They lead the lives they chose, whether a man completing women tasks such as cooking and making clothing or a woman fights as a warrior. both the men and women in these examples are seen as switching gender roles, and would be discriminated in western society.
The Berdaches are not segregated into categories as the "herm," "ferm," and "merm" are in "The Five Sexes: Why Male..." Therefore, according to most Native American societies sexuality is not categorized, and being gay isn't defined as a particular sex.
In our society, however, sexuality is highly defined, and one must decide a label for his/her self. The 'normal' label in American society is 'straight.' If anyone is any other sexuality besides straight they are considered obscure. "The answers seem to lie in a cultural need to maintain clear distinctions between the sexes." The cultural need to define a persons identity allows the majority of the population to connect with each other and help define who they are as a person. The majority of the population wants to be reassured that they are part of the 'norm.'
However, A person's "sex" can be defined in many many ways, but it is truly up to that person to decide how they feel. The article describes how people try to conform the minority to fit the norm when doctors intervene and catch 'deformities' at birth and have methods of 'correcting' them, but is a person not born how they are supposed to be?
This article, "The Five Sexes: Why Male..." brought to mind a book I have read on the same issue of sexuality and specifically pseudohermaphrodites, called "Middlesex" This book highlights many of the areas Anne Fausto-Sterling addressed in her article.
First, Some people view a person's sexuality as a choice, and some see it as a person is born that way. This idea can be applied to the Berdaches described in "Changing Ones." The women and men describe their lives as not being out of place or defying the norm. They lead the lives they chose, whether a man completing women tasks such as cooking and making clothing or a woman fights as a warrior. both the men and women in these examples are seen as switching gender roles, and would be discriminated in western society.
The Berdaches are not segregated into categories as the "herm," "ferm," and "merm" are in "The Five Sexes: Why Male..." Therefore, according to most Native American societies sexuality is not categorized, and being gay isn't defined as a particular sex.
In our society, however, sexuality is highly defined, and one must decide a label for his/her self. The 'normal' label in American society is 'straight.' If anyone is any other sexuality besides straight they are considered obscure. "The answers seem to lie in a cultural need to maintain clear distinctions between the sexes." The cultural need to define a persons identity allows the majority of the population to connect with each other and help define who they are as a person. The majority of the population wants to be reassured that they are part of the 'norm.'
However, A person's "sex" can be defined in many many ways, but it is truly up to that person to decide how they feel. The article describes how people try to conform the minority to fit the norm when doctors intervene and catch 'deformities' at birth and have methods of 'correcting' them, but is a person not born how they are supposed to be?
This article, "The Five Sexes: Why Male..." brought to mind a book I have read on the same issue of sexuality and specifically pseudohermaphrodites, called "Middlesex" This book highlights many of the areas Anne Fausto-Sterling addressed in her article.
Synopsis of "Gender in Inuit Society" and "Conquest"
Gender in Inuit Society
Men and women in the Inuit society hold vastly different roles than those of men and women in modern American society. For example, it’s acceptable for men to have more than one wife, however, if a woman is caught having an “affair” she is frowned upon. Also, Inuit women must be submissive to men. This is apparent in their culture at an early age, and is seen through girls receiving more privileges than boys.
Therefore, in order for the Inuit society to function they must follow through with their cultural norms by dividing the men’s and women’s roles. However, in the social aspect of their culture men and women are equal in status.
“works cited”
Guemple, Lee. The Arctic: Gender in Inuit Society. University of Oklahoma Press, 1995.
Conquest
Andrea Smith depicts the realities of how Native American women and Native Americans were treated. Native Americans in general were treated with disrespect and were thought of as “dirty” people. Women were seen as lesser than both men and white men. Native American women were demoralized and dehumanized when they spoke their opinions. For, example, women were taken from their husbands and raped by white men while the husband had to sit outside the house and wait.
"Works cited"
Smith, Andrea. Conquest: sexual violence and American Indian genocide. South End Press, 2005.
Men and women in the Inuit society hold vastly different roles than those of men and women in modern American society. For example, it’s acceptable for men to have more than one wife, however, if a woman is caught having an “affair” she is frowned upon. Also, Inuit women must be submissive to men. This is apparent in their culture at an early age, and is seen through girls receiving more privileges than boys.
Therefore, in order for the Inuit society to function they must follow through with their cultural norms by dividing the men’s and women’s roles. However, in the social aspect of their culture men and women are equal in status.
“works cited”
Guemple, Lee. The Arctic: Gender in Inuit Society. University of Oklahoma Press, 1995.
Conquest
Andrea Smith depicts the realities of how Native American women and Native Americans were treated. Native Americans in general were treated with disrespect and were thought of as “dirty” people. Women were seen as lesser than both men and white men. Native American women were demoralized and dehumanized when they spoke their opinions. For, example, women were taken from their husbands and raped by white men while the husband had to sit outside the house and wait.
"Works cited"
Smith, Andrea. Conquest: sexual violence and American Indian genocide. South End Press, 2005.
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